Thermal Engineering

ME3451

THERMAL ENGINEERING

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1. To learn the concepts and laws of thermodynamics to predict the operation of thermodynamic cycles and performance of Internal Combustion(IC) engines and Gas Turbines.

2. To analyzing the performance of steam nozzle, calculate critical pressure ratio

3. To Evaluating the performance of steam turbines through velocity triangles, understand the need for governing and compounding of turbines

4. To analyzing the working of IC engines and various auxiliary systems present in IC engines

5. To evaluating the various performance parameters of IC engines

UNIT - I

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES

Air Standard Cycles – Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Dual, Brayton – Cycle Analysis, Performance and Comparison, Basic Rankine Cycle, modified, reheat and regenerative cycles.

UNIT - II

STEAM NOZZLES AND INJECTOR

Types and Shapes of nozzles, Flow of steam through nozzles, Critical pressure ratio, Variation of mass flow rate with pressure ratio. Effect of friction. Metastable flow.

UNIT - III

STEAM AND GAS TURBINES

Types, Impulse and reaction principles, Velocity diagrams, Work done and efficiency – optimal operating conditions. Multi-staging, compounding and governing. Gas turbine cycle analysis – open and closed cycle. Performance and its improvement - Regenerative, Intercooled, Reheated cycles and their combination.

UNIT - IV

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES – FEATURES AND COMBUSTION

IC engine – Classification, working, components and their functions. Ideal and actual : Valve and port timing diagrams, p-v diagrams- two stroke & four stroke, and SI & CI engines – comparison. Geometric, operating, and performance comparison of SI and CI engines. Desirable properties and qualities of fuels. Air-fuel ratio calculation – lean and rich mixtures. Combustion in SI & CI Engines – Knocking – phenomena and control.

UNIT - V

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS

Performance and Emission Testing, Performance parameters and calculations. Morse and Heat Balance tests. Multipoint Fuel Injection system and Common rail direct injection systems. Ignition systems – Magneto, Battery and Electronic. Lubrication and Cooling systems. Concepts of Supercharging and Turbocharging – Emission Norms

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:

At the end of the course the students would be able to

1. Apply thermodynamic concepts to different air standard cycles and solve problems.

2. To solve problems in steam nozzle and calculate critical pressure ratio.

3. Explain the flow in steam turbines, draw velocity diagrams, flow in Gas turbines and solve problems.

4. Explain the functioning and features of IC engine, components and auxiliaries.

5. Calculate the various performance parameters of IC engines

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mahesh. M. Rathore, “Thermal Engineering”, 1st Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.

2. Ganesan.V, " Internal Combustion Engines" 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2012.

REFERENCES:

1. Ballaney. P, “Thermal Engineering”, 25th Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2017.

2. Domkundwar, Kothandaraman, &Domkundwar, “A Course in Thermal Engineering”, 6th Edition, DhanpatRai& Sons, 2011.

3. Gupta H.N, “Fundamentals of Internal Combustion Engines”, 2nd Edition Prentice Hall of India, 2013.

4. Mathur M.L and Mehta F.S., “Thermal Science and Engineering”, 3rd Edition, Jain Brothers Pvt. Ltd, 2017.

5. Soman. K, “Thermal Engineering”, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2011.