Thermal Engineering I

ME25401:

Thermal Engineering – I

Course Objectives:

The course focuses on applying thermodynamic laws to analyze thermodynamic and steam power cycles, while also providing an understanding of IC engines, their systems, and aircraft propulsion cycles.

Air Standard Cycles: Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Dual – Cycle Analysis, Comparison of Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycle, Atkinson cycle.

Activities: Write a program to analyze Otto, Diesel, and Dual cycles for given inputs (compression ratio, heat addition, etc.) and compute efficiency, work output, and mean effective pressure. Generate P–V and T–S diagrams for different air standard

cycles and compare their performance.

Vapour Power Cycle: Carnot Cycle, Basic Rankine Cycle, Comparison, Rankine cycle Improvements - Reheat, Regenerative Cycle, Combined cycle power generation

Activities: Develop a program to analyze the Rankine cycle with and without reheat/regeneration, and compute efficiency, turbine work, and pump work. Plot T–S diagrams for basic and modified Rankine cycles and compare performance improvements.

Internal Combustion Engines: IC engine – Classification, working, components and their functions. Ideal and actual: Valve and port timing diagrams, P-V diagrams. Two stroke & four stroke, and SI & CI engines – comparisons. Combustion in SI & CI Engines – Abnormal combustion, Knocking and detonation.

Activities: Prepare a comparative performance report of Petrol and Diesel Vehicles.

Internal Combustion Engine Testing: Measurement of Performance parameters and characteristics, Performance calculations. Morse and Heat Balance tests

Activities: Develop a simple program or spreadsheet to estimate engine performance parameters (thermal efficiency, BSFC, etc.) for given input conditions.

Internal Combustion Engines Auxiliary System: Simple Carburettor, Fuel Injector, Multipoint Fuel Injection (MPFI) , Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) and Common Rail Direct lnjection (CRDI) systems, Electronic fuel Injection. Ignition system, Lubrication and Cooling systems. Concepts of Supercharging and Turbocharging.

Activities: Prepare a case study report on modern fuel injection systems (MPFI, GDI, CRDI) used in automobiles.

Gas Turbines Cycle: Gas turbine cycle analysis – open and closed cycle. Performance and its improvement - Regenerative, Intercooled, Reheated cycles and their combination

Activities: Write a program to analyze Brayton cycle and its modifications (intercooling, reheating, regeneration) and compute efficiency and work output. Plot T–S diagrams for different gas turbine cycles and compare their performance.

Jet Propulsion: Principle of Jet Propulsion, IC engine driven Propulsion, Gas turbine Propulsion, Turbojet, Turboprop, Turbofan engines.

Activities:

• Develop a basic computational model to calculate thrust, specific fuel consumption, and efficiency for turbojet or turbofan engines.

• Prepare a comparative analysis report on turbojet, turbofan, and turboprop engines based on real aircraft applications.

Weightage: Continuous Assessment: 40%, End Semester Examinations: 60%.

Assessment Methodology: Quiz - 10%, Assignments - 20%, Review of GATE/ESE Questions - 20% and Internal Examinations - 50%

References:

1. Mahesh M. Rathore, “Thermal Engineering”, 1st Edition (Latest Reprint), McGraw Hill Education, 2024.

2. Ganesan. V, “Internal Combustion Engines”, 4th Edition (Latest Reprint), McGraw Hill Education, 2024.

3. Ballaney. P. L, “Thermal Engineering”, 27th Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2024.

4. Rajput R.K., “Thermal Engineering”, 11th Edition, Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd., 2022.

5. Onkar Singh, “Applied Thermodynamics”, 5th Edition, New Age International Publishers, 2021.