DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory
EE25403 4th Semester EEE Department | 2025 Regulation
2025 regulation - 4th semester for EEE Department. Subject Code: EE25403, Subject Name: DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory, Batch: 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028. Department: EEE - Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department. Institute: Anna University Affiliated Engineering College, TamilNadu. This page has DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory (EE25403) study material, notes, semester question paper pdf download, important questions, lecture notes.
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DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory
- Magnetic Circuits and Electromagnetism
- Introduction to Magnetic Circuits
- Laws of Magnetism
- Magnetic Field
- Magnetic Flux (ϕ)
- Magnetic Flux Density (B)
- Magnetic Field Strength (H)
- Magnetic Effect of an Electric Current (Electromagnets)
- Magnetic Field due to Straight Conductor
- Permeability
- Magnetomotive Force (M.M.F.or F)
- Reluctance (S)
- Magnetic Circuits
- Comparison of Magnetic and Electric Circuits
- Magnetic Leakage and Fringing
- B -H Curve or Magnetization Curve
- Magnetic Hysteresis
- Properties of Magnetic Materials
- Hysteresis and Eddy Current Loss
- Introduction to Electromagnetic Induction
- Faraday's Experiment
- Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
- Nature of the Induced E.M.F.
- Self Induced E.M.F.
- Mutually Induced E.M.F. and Mutual Inductance
- Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Energy Stored in the Magnetic Field
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
- Electromechanical Energy Conversion
- Introduction
- Energy Balance
- Laws of Electromagnetism
- Energy Flow in Electromechanical Energy Conversion Device
- Types of Magnetic System
- Singly Excited Magnetic System
- Multiple Excited Magnetic System
- Energy Conversion Via Electric Field
- Advantages of Field Energy Method
- Three Phase Winding in A.C. Machines
- M.M.F. of Distributed A.C. Windings
- Magnetic Field in Rotating Machines (Rotating Magnetic Field)
- Leakage Fluxes in Rotating Machines
- Introduction to Indian Standard Specifications (ISS)
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
- D.C. Generators
- Introduction
- Principle of Operation of a D.C. Generator
- Constructional Features of a D.C. Machine
- Types of Armature Winding
- Winding Pitches
- E.M.F. Equation of D.C. Generator
- Introduction to Armature Reaction
- Concept of Armature Reaction
- Demagnetising and Cross Magnetising Conductors
- Effects of Armature Reaction
- Reduction of Effects of Armature Reaction
- Action of Commutator
- Practical Commutation
- Methods of Improving Commutation
- Symbolic Representation of D.C. Generator
- Methods of Excitation
- Separately Excited Generator
- Self Excited Generator
- Shunt Generator
- Series Generator
- Compound Generator
- Voltage Building in Self Excited Generator
- Characteristics of D.C. Generators
- Characteristics of Separately Excited D.C. Generators
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Shunt Generator
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Series Generator
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Compound Generator
- Applications of Various Types of Generators
- Critical Field Resistance in D.C. Shunt Generator
- Necessity of Parallel Operation of Generators
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
- D.C. Motors
- Introduction
- Principle of Operation of a D.C. Motor
- Direction of Rotation of Motor
- Significance of Back E.M.F.
- Power Equation of a D.C. Motor
- Torque Equation of a D.C. Motor
- Types of D.C. Motors
- D.C. Shunt Motor
- D.C. Series Motor
- D.C. Compound Motor
- Torque and Speed Equations
- D.C. Motor Characteristics
- Characteristics of D.C. Shunt Motor
- Characteristics of D.C. Series Motor
- Characteristics of D.C. Compound Motor
- Applications of D.C. Motors
- Necessity of Starter, Three Point, Four Point Starter
- D.C. Series Motor Starter
- Factors Affecting the Speed of a D.C. Motor
- Speed Control of D.C. Shunt Motor
- Speed Control of D.C. Series Motor
- Ward-Leonard System of Speed Control
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
- Single Phase Transformer
- Introduction
- Working Principle of Single Phase Transformer
- Parts of Transformer
- Construction of Single Phase Transformers
- E.M.F. Equation of a Transformer
- Ideal Transformer on No Load
- Practical Transformer on No Load
- Transformer on Load (M.M.F. Balancing on Load)
- Effect of Winding Resistances
- Effect of Leakage Reactances
- Equivalent Impedance
- Phasor Diagrams for Transformer on Load
- Equivalent Circuit of Single Phase Transformer
- Voltage Regulation of Single Phase Transformer
- Losses in a Transformer
- Efficiency of a Transformer
- Polarity Test
- Open Circuit and Short Circuit Tests
- Sumpner's Test (Back to Back Test)
- All Day Efficiency of a Transformer
- Separation of Core Losses
- Parallel Operation of Single Phase Transformer
- Conditions for Satisfactory Parallel for Operation
- Parallel Operation of Two Ideal abrupse Single Phase Transformers
- Parallel Operation of Transformers with Equal Voltage Ratios
- Parallel Operation of Transformers with Unequal Voltage Ratios
- Current Inrush Phenomenon ( Switching Transients )
- Applications of Single Phase Transformers
- Two Marks Questions and Answers
- Autotransformer and Three Phase Transformer
- Autotransformer
- Introduction and Advantages of Three Phase Transformer
- Construction of Three Phase Transformer
- Three Phase Transformer Connections
- Voltage and Current Relationships for Different Types of Connections
- Conversion from Three Phase to Two Phase (Scott Connection)
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
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DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory
Unit I: a. Magnetic Circuits and Electromagnetism
- Magnetic Circuits and Electromagnetism
- Introduction to Magnetic Circuits
- Laws of Magnetism
- Magnetic Field
- Magnetic Flux (ϕ)
- Magnetic Flux Density (B)
- Magnetic Field Strength (H)
- Magnetic Effect of an Electric Current (Electromagnets)
- Magnetic Field due to Straight Conductor
- Permeability
- Magnetomotive Force (M.M.F.or F)
- Reluctance (S)
- Magnetic Circuits
- Comparison of Magnetic and Electric Circuits
- Magnetic Leakage and Fringing
- B -H Curve or Magnetization Curve
- Magnetic Hysteresis
- Properties of Magnetic Materials
- Hysteresis and Eddy Current Loss
- Introduction to Electromagnetic Induction
- Faraday's Experiment
- Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
- Nature of the Induced E.M.F.
- Self Induced E.M.F.
- Mutually Induced E.M.F. and Mutual Inductance
- Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Energy Stored in the Magnetic Field
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
Unit I: b. Electromechanical Energy Conversion
- Electromechanical Energy Conversion
- Introduction
- Energy Balance
- Laws of Electromagnetism
- Energy Flow in Electromechanical Energy Conversion Device
- Types of Magnetic System
- Singly Excited Magnetic System
- Multiple Excited Magnetic System
- Energy Conversion Via Electric Field
- Advantages of Field Energy Method
- Three Phase Winding in A.C. Machines
- M.M.F. of Distributed A.C. Windings
- Magnetic Field in Rotating Machines (Rotating Magnetic Field)
- Leakage Fluxes in Rotating Machines
- Introduction to Indian Standard Specifications (ISS)
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
Unit II: D.C. Generators
- D.C. Generators
- Introduction
- Principle of Operation of a D.C. Generator
- Constructional Features of a D.C. Machine
- Types of Armature Winding
- Winding Pitches
- E.M.F. Equation of D.C. Generator
- Introduction to Armature Reaction
- Concept of Armature Reaction
- Demagnetising and Cross Magnetising Conductors
- Effects of Armature Reaction
- Reduction of Effects of Armature Reaction
- Action of Commutator
- Practical Commutation
- Methods of Improving Commutation
- Symbolic Representation of D.C. Generator
- Methods of Excitation
- Separately Excited Generator
- Self Excited Generator
- Shunt Generator
- Series Generator
- Compound Generator
- Voltage Building in Self Excited Generator
- Characteristics of D.C. Generators
- Characteristics of Separately Excited D.C. Generators
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Shunt Generator
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Series Generator
- Load Characteristics of D.C. Compound Generator
- Applications of Various Types of Generators
- Critical Field Resistance in D.C. Shunt Generator
- Necessity of Parallel Operation of Generators
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
Unit III: a. D.C. Motors
- D.C. Motors
- Introduction
- Principle of Operation of a D.C. Motor
- Direction of Rotation of Motor
- Significance of Back E.M.F.
- Power Equation of a D.C. Motor
- Torque Equation of a D.C. Motor
- Types of D.C. Motors
- D.C. Shunt Motor
- D.C. Series Motor
- D.C. Compound Motor
- Torque and Speed Equations
- D.C. Motor Characteristics
- Characteristics of D.C. Shunt Motor
- Characteristics of D.C. Series Motor
- Characteristics of D.C. Compound Motor
- Applications of D.C. Motors
- Necessity of Starter, Three Point, Four Point Starter
- D.C. Series Motor Starter
- Factors Affecting the Speed of a D.C. Motor
- Speed Control of D.C. Shunt Motor
- Speed Control of D.C. Series Motor
- Ward-Leonard System of Speed Control
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
Unit III: b.Testing of D.C. Machines
Unit IV: Single Phase Transformer
- Single Phase Transformer
- Introduction
- Working Principle of Single Phase Transformer
- Parts of Transformer
- Construction of Single Phase Transformers
- E.M.F. Equation of a Transformer
- Ideal Transformer on No Load
- Practical Transformer on No Load
- Transformer on Load (M.M.F. Balancing on Load)
- Effect of Winding Resistances
- Effect of Leakage Reactances
- Equivalent Impedance
- Phasor Diagrams for Transformer on Load
- Equivalent Circuit of Single Phase Transformer
- Voltage Regulation of Single Phase Transformer
- Losses in a Transformer
- Efficiency of a Transformer
- Polarity Test
- Open Circuit and Short Circuit Tests
- Sumpner's Test (Back to Back Test)
- All Day Efficiency of a Transformer
- Separation of Core Losses
- Parallel Operation of Single Phase Transformer
- Conditions for Satisfactory Parallel for Operation
- Parallel Operation of Two Ideal abrupse Single Phase Transformers
- Parallel Operation of Transformers with Equal Voltage Ratios
- Parallel Operation of Transformers with Unequal Voltage Ratios
- Current Inrush Phenomenon ( Switching Transients )
- Applications of Single Phase Transformers
- Two Marks Questions and Answers
Unit V: Autotransformer and Three Phase Transformer
- Autotransformer and Three Phase Transformer
- Autotransformer
- Introduction and Advantages of Three Phase Transformer
- Construction of Three Phase Transformer
- Three Phase Transformer Connections
- Voltage and Current Relationships for Different Types of Connections
- Conversion from Three Phase to Two Phase (Scott Connection)
- Two Marks Questions with Answers
Solved model Question Paper
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EE25403:
DC Machines
and Transformers Laboratory
Course
Objectives:
To
educate the students about the concept of electromechanical energy conversion
system and different types of DC generator and its characteristics. To impart
knowledge on the principle of operation, starting and speed control methods of
DC motor. To facilitate the students regarding the working principle of single
phase Transformers and various tests involved. To make the students to
understand the working of auto transformer and three phase transformers.
List Of
Experiments
•
Open circuit and load characteristics of a separately excited DC Generator
•
Study of starters of DC motors
•
Speed control of DC shunt motor
•
Load test on DC shunt motor.
•
Load test on DC series motor
•
Load test of DC compound motor
•
Swinburne’s test.
•
Hopkinson’s Test.
•
Open circuit and short circuit test on single-phase transformer.
•
Separation of no-load losses in a single phase transformer.
•
Sumpner’s test to determine the temperature rise of transformers
•
Connections of multi-phase transformers.
•
Scott Connection for Phase Conversion of Transformers
T1:
Modeling of electrical machines using differential equations
T2:
Simulation of DC machines and transformers using differential equations.
Weightage:
Continuous Assessment: 60%, End Semester Examinations: 40%
Assessment Methodology: Project (30%), Assignment (10%), Practical (30%), Internal Examinations (30%)
Electrical Machines: Unit I: a. Magnetic Circuits and Electromagnetism,, Electrical Machines: Unit I: b. Electromechanical Energy Conversion,, Electrical Machines: Unit II: D.C. Generators,, Electrical Machines: Unit III: a. D.C. Motors,, Electrical Machines: Unit III: b.Testing of D.C. Machines,, Electrical Machines: Unit IV: Single Phase Transformer,, Electrical Machines: Unit V: Autotransformer and Three Phase Transformer,, Electrical Machines: Solved model Question Paper 4th Semester 2025 Regulation : EE25403 4th Semester EEE Department | 2025 Regulation DC Machines and Transformers Laboratory
