Linear Integrated Circuits

EE25C09:

Linear Integrated Circuits

Course objective:

A linear integrated circuit is a solid-state analog device capable of operating across a continuous range of input levels, offering theoretically infinite operating states. These circuits are commonly used in applications such as audio amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters,averagingamplifiers,differentiators,DCamplifiers,integrators, multivibrators, oscillators, audio filters, and sweep generators.

Introduction: Integrated circuits – Classification, Thin and thick film techniques, SMT(Surface Mount Technology) Monolithic technique - wafer preparation, Epitaxial growth, Oxidation, Photolithography, Diffusion, Ion Implantation, Isolation, Metallization and Packaging, Fabrication of Integrated resistors, capacitors and inductors -Bipolar and MOSFET devices fabrication techniques

Operational Amplifier: Basic concepts - differential amplifiers - block diagram-ideal op-amp parameters - Basic op-amp applications Scale changer, Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, summer and subtractor, Log and antilog amplifiers - multiplier, Divider, differentiator, Integrator. Instrumentation amplifier

OP-Amp Circuits: V to I and I to V converters- Precision rectifier-Clipper and clamper- Sample and hold circuits - Active filters: first order and second order LPF and HPF- Band Pass and Band Reject Filters - Comparators - Regenerative comparator (Schmitt Trigger)- Square wave and Triangular wave generators- Sine wave generators: RC Phase shift and Wein bridge oscillators.

Other Linear ICS: IC voltage regulators – Fixed and Variable voltage regulators-78XX and 79XX series regulators, LM317 voltage regulator -Switching Regulator- 555 timer IC: Astable and Monostable modes – Phase locked loop - Operation, Characteristics &Application.

D/A and A/D Converters: weighted resistor and R-2R ladder- A/D converters: Successive approximation, Counter type, Flash type and Delta-sigma-

T1: Classification of Integrated Circuits

• Compare:

o Analog ICs

o Digital ICs

o Mixed signal ICs

• Explain applications of each category

T2: Thin Film and Thick Film Techniques

• Differentiate between:

o Thin film IC fabrication

o Thick film IC fabrication

• Compare:

o Cost

o Accuracy

o Reliability

T3: Differential Amplifier Analysis

• Analyze:

o Differential gain

o Common mode gain

o CMRR

T4: Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifiers

• Design amplifier circuits using IC 741.

• Verify gain experimentally.

T5: Summer and Subtractor Circuits

• Design:

o Summing amplifier

o Difference amplifier

• Verify output mathematically.

T6: Integrator and Differentiator

• Build:

o Op-amp integrator

o Op-amp differentiator

• Observe waveform transformation.

Weightage: Continuous Assessment: 40%, End Semester Examinations: 60%.

Assessment Methodology: Assignments (20%), Solution to application-oriented

problems using software (20%), Solving of GATE questions (20%), Internal

Examinations (40%).

References

1. Roy Choudhury, D., & Jain, S. B. (2018). Linear integrated circuits (5th ed.). Wiley Eastern Ltd.

2. Gayakwad, R. A. (2015). Op-amps and linear integrated circuits (4th ed.). Pearson Education.

3. Botkar, K. R. (2008). Integrated circuits (10th ed.). Hanna Publishers.

4. Millman, J., & Halkias, C. C. (2017). Integrated electronics (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill Education.

5. Driscoll, F. F., & Coughlin, R. F. (1997). Operational amplifiers and linear

integrated circuits (4th ed.). Pearson.