Engineering Physics

PH3151

ENGINEERING PHYSICS

COURSE OBJECTIVES

• To make the students effectively to achieve an understanding of mechanics.

• To enable the students to gain knowledge of electromagnetic waves and its applications.

• To introduce the basics of oscillations, optics and lasers.

• Equipping the students to be successfully understand the importance of quantum physics.

• To motivate the students towards the applications of quantum mechanics.

UNIT - I

MECHANICS

Multi-particle dynamics: Center of mass (CM) – CM of continuous bodies – motion of the CM – kinetic energy of system of particles. Rotation of rigid bodies: Rotational kinematics – rotational kinetic energy and moment of inertia - theorems of M .I –moment of inertia of continuous bodies – M.I of a diatomic molecule - torque – rotational dynamics of rigid bodies – conservation of angular momentum – rotational energy state of a rigid diatomic molecule - gyroscope - torsional pendulum – double pendulum –Introduction to nonlinear oscillations.

UNIT - II

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

The Maxwell’s equations - wave equation; Plane electromagnetic waves in vacuum, Conditions on the wave field - properties of electromagnetic waves: speed, amplitude, phase, orientation and waves in matter - polarization - Producing electromagnetic waves - Energy and momentum in EM waves: Intensity, waves from localized sources, momentum and radiation pressure - Cell-phone reception. Reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves from a non-conducting mediumvacuum interface for normal incidence.

UNIT - III

OSCILLATIONS, OPTICS AND LASERS

Simple harmonic motion - resonance –analogy between electrical and mechanical oscillating systems - waves on a string - standing waves - traveling waves - Energy transfer of a wave – sound waves - Doppler effect. Reflection and refraction of light waves - total internal reflection – interference –Michelson interferometer –Theory of air wedge and experiment. Theory of laser - characteristics - Spontaneous and stimulated emission - Einstein’s coefficients - population inversion - Nd-YAG laser, CO₂ laser, semiconductor laser –Basic applications of lasers in industry.

UNIT - IV

BASIC QUANTUM MECHANICS

Photons and light waves - Electrons and matter waves –Compton effect - The Schrodinger equation (Time dependent and time independent forms) - meaning of wave function - Normalization –Free particle - particle in a infinite potential well: 1D,2D and 3D Boxes- Normalization, probabilities and the correspondence principle.

UNIT - V

APPLIED QUANTUM MECHANICS

The harmonic oscillator(qualitative)- Barrier penetration and quantum tunneling(qualitative) - Tunneling microscope - Resonant diode - Finite potential wells (qualitative)- Bloch’s theorem for particles in a periodic potential –Basics of Kronig-Penney model and origin of energy bands.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES

After completion of this course, the students should be able to

• Understand the importance of mechanics.

• Express their knowledge in electromagnetic waves.

• Demonstrate a strong foundational knowledge in oscillations, optics and lasers.

• Understand the importance of quantum physics.

• Comprehend and apply quantum mechanical principles towards the formation of energy bands.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. D.Kleppner and R.Kolenkow. An Introduction to Mechanics. McGraw Hill Education (Indian Edition), 2017.

2. E.M.Purcell and D.J.Morin, Electricity and Magnetism, Cambridge Univ.Press, 2013.

3. Arthur Beiser, Shobhit Mahajan, S. Rai Choudhury, Concepts of Modern Physics, McGraw-Hill (Indian Edition), 2017.

REFERENCES:

1. R.Wolfson. Essential University Physics. Volume 1 & 2. Pearson Education (Indian Edition), 2009.

2. Paul A. Tipler, Physic – Volume 1 & 2, CBS, (Indian Edition), 2004.

3. K.Thyagarajan and A.Ghatak. Lasers: Fundamentals and Applications, Laxmi Publications, (Indian Edition), 2019.

4. D.Halliday, R.Resnick and J.Walker. Principles of Physics, Wiley (Indian Edition), 2015.

5. N.Garcia, A.Damask and S.Schwarz. Physics for Computer Science Students. Springer- Verlag, 2012.