Surveying and Levelling

CE3351

SURVEYING AND LEVELLING

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

• To introduce the rudiments of plane surveying and geodetic principles to Civil Engineers and to learn the various methods of plane and geodetic surveying to solve the real world problems. To introduce the concepts of Control Surveying. To introduce the basics of Astronomical Surveying

UNIT I

FUNDAMENTALS OF CONVENTIONAL SURVEYING

Definition - Classifications - Basic principles - Equipment and accessories for ranging and chaining - Methods of ranging - Well conditioned triangles - Chain traversing - Compass - Basic principles - Types - Bearing - System and conversions - Sources of errors and Local attraction - Magnetic declination - Dip - compass traversing - Plane table and its accessories - Merits and demerits - Radiation - Intersection - Resection - Plane table traversing.

UNIT II

LEVELLING

Level line - Horizontal line - Datum - Benchmarks - Levels and staves - Temporary and permanent adjustments - Methods of leveling - Fly leveling - Check leveling - Procedure in leveling - Booking - Reduction - Curvature and refraction - Reciprocal leveling - Precise leveling - Contouring.

UNIT III

THEODOLITE SURVEYING

Horizontal and vertical angle measurements - Temporary and permanent adjustments - Heights and distances - Tacheometric surveying - Stadia Tacheometry - Tangential Tacheometry - Trigonometric leveling - Single Plane method - Double Plane method.

UNIT IV

CONTROL SURVEYING AND ADJUSTMENT

Horizontal and vertical control - Methods - Triangulation - Traversing - Gale's table - Trilateration - Concepts of measurements and errors - Error propagation and Linearization Adjustment methods - Least square methods - Angles, lengths and levelling network.

UNIT V

MODERN SURVEYING

Total Station: Digital Theodolite, EDM, Electronic field book- Advantages - Parts and accessories - Working principle - Observables - Errors - COGO functions Field procedure and applications.GPS: Advantages - System components - Signal structure - Selective availability and antispoofing receiver components and antenna - Planning and data acquisition - Data processing Errors in GPS - Field procedure and applications.

TOTAL 45 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES:

On completion of the course, the student is expected to

CO1 Introduce the rudiments of various surveying and its principles.

CO2 Imparts knowledge in computation of levels of terrain and ground features

CO3 Imparts concepts of Theodolite Surveying for complex surveying operations

CO4 Understand the procedure for establishing horizontal and vertical control

CO5 Imparts the knowledge on modern surveying instruments

TEXTBOOKS:

1. Dr. B. C. Punmia, Ashok K. Jain and Arun K Jain, Surveying Vol. I & II, Lakshmi Publications Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, Sixteenth Edition, 2016.

2. T. P. Kanetkarand S. V. Kulkarni, Surveying and Levelling, Parts 1 & 2, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune, 2008.

REFERENCES:

1. R. Subramanian, Surveying and Levelling, Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2012.

2. James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, Surveying, Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition, Mc Graw Hill 2001.

3. Bannister and S. Raymond, Surveying, Seventh Edition, Longman 2004.

4. S. K. Roy, Fundamentals of Surveying, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India2010.

5. K. R. Arora, Surveying Vol I & II, Standard Book house, Twelfth Edition 2013.

6. C. Venkatramaiah, Textbook of Surveying, Universities Press, Second Edition, 2011.