Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 3: Transformer
Efficiency of a Transformer
The efficiency of a transformer at a particular load and power factor is defined as the output power divided by the input power.
EFFICIENCY
OF A TRANSFORMER
The efficiency of a
transformer at a particular load and power factor is defined as the output
power divided by the input power.
Transformer efficiency, η = Output power / Input power
η = Output power / [ Output
Power + Losses ]
= Output power / [Output power + Cu loss + Iron
Loss]
η = [ Input power ‒
Losses ] / Input power
η = 1 ‒ [
Losses / Input power ]
Condition for Maximum Efficiency
Cu Loss = I12R01
or I22R02 = Wcu
Iron loss = hysteresis
loss + eddy current loss
Wi = Wh
+ We
Considering primary
side
Primary input = V1I1
cos ϕ1
Differentiating both
sides with respect to I1 we get,
For η to be maximum,
dη/dI1
= 0. Hence the above equation becomes
or Copper Loss = Iron
Loss
Copper Loss = Iron Loss
All Day Efficiency
All‒day efficiency is
defined as the ratio of the output energy (i.e., energy supplied to the loads)
to the input energy (i.e, energy supplied to the transformer), both being
considered over the same period, viz a day of 24 hours.
All‒day efficiency = Output
in kWh / Input in kWh (for 24 hours)
This efficiency is
always less than the commercial efficiency of a transformer.
Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 3: Transformer : Tag: Basic Engineering : - Efficiency of a Transformer
Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 3: Transformer
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Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering
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