Applied Physics I: Chapter 9: Applied Optics - Fiber Optics
Fibre optic sensors
Optical sensor is a transducer which converts any form of signal into optical signal in the measurable form.
FIBRE OPTIC SENSORS
Optical
sensor is a transducer which converts any form of signal into optical signal in
the measurable form. Here optical fibres are used as a guiding media and hence
called wave guides. The basic block diagram of a sensor system is as shown in
Fig.9.8.
The optical sources used here are LED/ LASER. The optical signals produced by the optical source and is transmitted through the transmitting fibre to the modulation zone.
The
optical signals are modulated based on any one of these properties, viz.,
Optical intensity, Phase, Polarization, Wavelength and Spectral distribution.
These modulated signals with any one of these properties are received by the
receiving fibre end and is send to the optical detector.
Types of Sensors
There
are two types of sensors, viz.,
(i)
Intrinsic Sensors (or) Active sensors
(ii) Extrinsic Sensors (or) Passive sensors
(i) Intrinsic sensors (or) Active sensors
In
intrinsic sensors (or) active sensors, the physical parameter to be sensed
directly acts on the fibre itself to produce the changes in the transmission
characteristics.
Examples:
(i)
Temperature/Pressure sensor or (Phase and polarization sensor) and
(ii)
Liquid level sensor
(ii) Extrinsic Sensors (or) Passive sensors
In
extrinsic sensors (or) passive sensors, separate sensing element will be used
and the fibre will act as a guiding media to the sensors.
Examples:
(i)
Displacement sensor and
(ii)
Laser doppler velocimeter sensor.
Applied Physics I: Chapter 9: Applied Optics - Fiber Optics : Tag: Applied Physics : - Fibre optic sensors
Applied Physics I: Chapter 9: Applied Optics - Fiber Optics
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