Applied Physics I: Chapter 7: Quantum Mechanics
Photo - Electric Effect
In metals, there are large number of free electrons. These free electrons can more freely to a highest energy level, so called Fermi energy level.
PHOTO‒ELECTRIC EFFECT
In
metals, there are large number of free electrons. These free electrons can more
freely to a highest energy level, so called Fermi energy level EF.
No electron at EF can escape from the metal because of the presence
of an energy barrier at the surface of the metal. If an electron has to escape
beyond the Fermi energy level, we have to supply some additional energy in
order to overcome the energy barrier (EB) of the metal. This additional energy required to make an
electron to escape from the metal surface is called work function, denoted
by ϕ.
ϕ = EB ‒ EF
The
additional energy required to make an electron to escape from a metal can be
supplied in many waves, viz.
(i)
In the form of heat, and this type of emission is called thermionic emission.
(ii)
In the form of light, which is called photo‒electric
emission.
(iii)
In the form electricity, so called Schottky
effect and
(iv)
When the energy is supplied by energetic charged particles, it is called secondary emission.
Out
of these four types of emission, let us discuss briefly about the photo‒electric
emission.
Applied Physics I: Chapter 7: Quantum Mechanics : Tag: Applied Physics : - Photo - Electric Effect
Applied Physics I: Chapter 7: Quantum Mechanics
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