Applied Physics I: Chapter 6: Oscillations and Waves - Electromagnetic Waves
Production of Electromagnetic Waves by dipole antenna
If a charged particle is moving, then it can produce magnetic field which exerts a force on nearby moving charges.
PRODUCTION OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES BY DIPOLE ANTENNA
Let
us consider a dipole antenna for which an alternating current is applied as
shown in Fig. 6.4.
We
know that a stationary charge particle
produces an electric field which exerts force on nearby charged particles.
If
a charged particle is moving, then it
can produce magnetic field which exerts a force on nearby moving charges.
Here,
the alternating current drives the charged particles back and forth and makes
the charged particles to move back and forth and inturn the charged particles
begin to oscillate.
When
the charged particle oscillates, the charge distribution along the dipole
antenna also oscillates.
At
one moment, the top arm is positively charged (+) and the bottom arm is
negatively charged (‒) as shown in Fig.6.4 and the charges will reverse for
every half cycle.
Further,
if a charged particle is oscillating with respect to an equilibrium position,
then it creates oscillating charged particle.
This
rapid oscillating charge particles produces a time varying electric and
magnetic fields and together produces electro‒magnetic waves.
In
other words we can say that an accelerating charges will produce changing
electric and magnetic field. i.e., The changing electric field will generate
magnetic field and the changing magnetic field will generate electric field
alternatively as shown in Fig.6.4. Thus an oscillating charged particle
produces electromagnetic wave of its own frequency 'f'.
This
relationship of induced electric field and magnetic fields lead to the
production and propagation of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic
waves can be delivered by carrying energy to charged particles at a long
distance away from the source without any help of the material medium.
Here,
the electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic wave will travel through
the free space with the speed of light 'c'.
The wavelength ' λ' of electromagnetic wave is given by λ = c/f.
Applied Physics I: Chapter 6: Oscillations and Waves - Electromagnetic Waves : Tag: Applied Physics : - Production of Electromagnetic Waves by dipole antenna
Applied Physics I: Chapter 6: Oscillations and Waves - Electromagnetic Waves
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