Water Technology: Important part-B questions

IMPORTANT PART B QUESTIONS

1. What are the main types of impurities present in industrial feed water?

2. How does hardness of water cause problems in industrial feed water?

3. Define and explain the significances of the followings.

(i) Clour (ii) Tastes and odours (iii) pH

4. Explain the significances of

(a) TDS (b) COD (c) BOD

5. What is meant by sterilization of water? What are the chemicals that are normally used for this purpose? Explain break‒point chlorination.

6. Explain how sterilisation of water carried out using chlorine? Give the mechanism.

7. Explain with a neat sketch the various steps in the treatment of water for municipal supply.

8. What is desalination? With a neat diagram, describe the 'reverse osmosis' method for the desalination of brackish water.

9. What is desalination? Explain any one method of desalination

10. What is reverse osmosis? How will you purify the sea water by reverse osmosis? Mention its advantages.

11. What is meant by reverse osmosis? Explain the purification of water by reverse osmosis.

12. Describe the Reverse Osmosis method for desalination of water.

13. Define the term desalination with a neat diagram, describe desalination by reverse osmosis method.

14. What are boiler troubles? How are they caused? Suggest steps to minimize the boiler troubles.

15. What are boiler troubles? How they are caused? How they are minimized by colloidal conditioning, phosphate conditioning and calgon conditioning.

16. Discuss the disadvantages of using hard water in boilers.

17. What are scales and sludges. Describe the disadvantages of scale and sludge formation.

18. What is caustic embrittlement. How can it be prevented.

19. Discuss the causes and prevention of priming and foaming.

20. What are the problems one would face when hard water is used in boiler industries.

21. Explain the following boiler troubles suggesting the remedial methods:

(i) Sludge and scale formation

(ii) Caustic embrittlement.

22. How will you protect boiler from corrosion.

23. Describe de‒mineralisation process of water softening. Explain the reactions involved.

24. How is the exhausted resin regenerated in an ion‒exchanger? What are the merits and demerits of ion‒exchange method?

25. With a neat diagram describe the ionization process of water softening.

26. Explain how demineralization of water is done in water technology?

27. Explain the softening of water by deionization process.

28. Explain the demineralization of water by ion‒exchange process. How are exhausted cation and anion exchange resins regenerated?

29. How is the softening of water carried out using the bind zeolite process?

30. Describe the principle and procedure involved in the zeolite process for water treatment

31. What are ion exchange resins? How are they useful in removing hardness of water.

32. How is internal treatment of boiler water carried out using phosphate and calgon.

33. Explain the Phosphate conditioning.

34. Give an account of internal treatment of boiler water,

35. Describe briefly the various methods of internal conditioning of boiler feed water.

36. What is calgon? Why is calgon conditioning better than phosphate conditioning?

37. Explain the boiler troubles, 'scales and caustic embrittlement' in detail.

38. How is water softened by Ion exchange method? Explain in detail with a neat diagram.

39. What are zeolites? How do they function in removing the hardness of water?

40. What is meant by internal conditioning of water?

41. What are the factors which causes boiler corrosion? How can it be minimized?

42. With necessary diagram, describe the reverse osmosis method for the desalination of brackish water.

43. Write a brief note on the following:

1. Caustic embrittlement

2. Calgon conditioning

44. Describe the principle and procedure involved in the zeolite process for water treatment.

45. What is reverse osmosis? How is it useful for desalination of brackish water? Explain with a diagram.

46. What are sludge and scale in boilers? How are they formed? Suggest any two methods to prevent their formation.

47. What are zeolites? How are they used in softening of water? Use a diagram for your explanation?

48. Explain the internal conditioning of water? Take two examples for your explanation.

49. Draw a suitable diagram and describe the ion exchange process for the softening of hard water.

50. Write a brief note on priming and foaming.

51. How can the boiler feed water be purified by calgon and phosphate conditioning?

52. With neat diagram, explain the Zeolite process for water treatment.

53. Describe the demineralization process of water softening and write down the reaction involved in it.

54. Explain with neat diagram, the desalination of brackish water of reverse osmosis method.