Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 7: Basics of Power Systems
Earthing of Grounding
Power Systems
The process of connecting the metallic frame (i.e., non‒ current carrying part) of electrical equipment or some electrical part of the system (e.g., neutral point in a star‒connected system, one conductor of the secondary of a transformer, etc.) to the earth (i.e., soil) is called grounding or Earthing.
EARTHING
OF GROUNDING
The process of
connecting the metallic frame (i.e., non‒ current carrying part) of electrical
equipment or some electrical part of the system (e.g., neutral point in a star‒connected
system, one conductor of the secondary of a transformer, etc.) to the earth
(i.e., soil) is called grounding or Earthing. The potential of the earth is to
be considered zero for all practical purposes. Earthing is to connect any
electrical equipment to earth with a very low resistance wire, making it to
attain earth's potential, This ensures safe discharge of electrical energy due
to failure of the insulation line coming in contact with the casing, etc.
Earthing brings the potential of the body of the equipment to zero i.e., to the
earth's potential, thus ptotecting the operating personnel against electrical
shock.
The earth resistance is
affected by the following factors:
(a) Material properties
of the earth, wire and the electrode
(b) Temperature and
moisture content of the soil
(c) Depth of the pit
(d) Quantity of the
charcoal used
Necessity of Earthing
The requirement for
provision of earthing can be listed as follows:
1. To protect the
operating personnel from the danger of shock.
2. To maintain the line
voltage constant, under unbalanced load condition.
3. To avoid risk of
fire due to earth leakage current through unwanted path.
4. Protection of the
equipments.
5. Protection of large
buildings and all machines fed from overhead lines against lighting.
Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 7: Basics of Power Systems : Tag: Basic Engineering : Power Systems - Earthing of Grounding
Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 7: Basics of Power Systems
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