Applied Physics CSIE II: UNIT IV: Quantum Computing
Quantum States
The quantum state of a system is described by a complex function Ψ, which depends on the coordinate x and on time
QUANTUM STATES
The
quantum state of a system is described by a complex function Ψ, which depends
on the coordinate x and on time
i.e., Quantum state = Ψ(x,t)
The
wave function encodes all the information about the system. We know |Ψ(x,t)|2
dx is the probability of finding the position of the particles and yields a
result in the interval x→x+dx.
The
total probability of finding the particles somewhere along the real axis must
be unity, thus we can write
|Ψ|2 = ∫ Ψ*Ψ dx = ∫Ψ(x,t)|2
dx = 1
In
quantum mechanics, a different notation called Dirac notation is used to
represent quantum states. The inner product of two vectors u and v is denoted by
<u|v>
The
left part <u| is called as bra and the right part |v> is called as ket.
Thus in the direct notation, also known as the bra‒ket notation, an inner
product is denoted by <> bracket.
Applied Physics CSIE II: UNIT IV: Quantum Computing : Tag: Applied Physics : - Quantum States
Applied Physics CSIE II: UNIT IV: Quantum Computing
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