
When the rotor is rotating and energised by a DC source, the circuit diagram for an alternator with its short circuit open.
ALTERNATOR
ON NO LOAD
When the rotor is
rotating and energised by a DC source, the circuit diagram for an alternator
with its short circuit open is as shown in Fig. 4.4. Each phase generates an
emf E.

Most of the alternators
are operated at constant speed, the generated emf would depend upon field
excitation. By including a rheostat in the field circuit, the field excitation and
hence generated emf can be changed.
It is always convenient
to analyse an alternator on single phase basis, the conditions in the other two
phases being similar.
Fig. 4.5, shows one
phase of the alternator. It is clear that at no load, terminal voltage V per
phase is equal to the generated emf E per phase. ie, V=E.

Fig.
4.5 One phase alternator
Basic Electronics and Electrical Engineering: Chapter 4: Synchronous Machines : Tag: Basic Engineering : Synchronous Machines - Alternator on No Load
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